Intracellular Signaling Cascade for the Protection Against Oxidative Stress:Nrf2/Keap1 System

Protection against Oxidative Stress

Novel vaccine approaches for protection against intracellular pathogens.

Vaccination against intracellular pathogens requires generation of a pool of memory T cells able to respond upon infection and mediate either killing of the infected cell or induce killing mechanisms in the infected cell. T cell-inducing vaccines must aim to target the antigen to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) so that it can be presented on MHC molecules on the cell surface. Methods to do this...

Oxr1 Is Essential for Protection against Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegeneration

Oxidative stress is a common etiological feature of neurological disorders, although the pathways that govern defence against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurodegeneration remain unclear. We have identified the role of oxidation resistance 1 (Oxr1) as a vital protein that controls the sensitivity of neuronal cells to oxidative stress; mice lacking Oxr1 display cerebellar neurodegeneration,...

Ascorbic acid provides protection for human chondrocytes against oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress is considered to be an important cause of dysfunction in chondrocytes and articular cartilage degradation, which leads to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA) and cartilage aging. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the widely applied antioxidant, ascorbic acid (AA), on human chondrocytes against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in vitro. Using annexin V‑fluorescein iso...

Rice NTRC is a high-efficiency redox system for chloroplast protection against oxidative damage.

One of the mechanisms plants have developed for chloroplast protection against oxidative damage involves a 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, which has been proposed to be reduced by ferredoxin and plastid thioredoxins, Trx x and CDSP32, the FTR/Trx pathway. We show that rice (Oryza sativa) chloroplast NADPH THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE (NTRC), with a thioredoxin domain, uses NADPH to reduce the chloroplast 2-Cys p...